P. aemula is related to P. szechuanica and has been given as a synonym. However it is recognised by the Flora of China as being distinct. It is distinguished by its more robust nature, several whorls of flowers in which the corolla lobes are patent (sometimes slightly bent back). It was first collected on the Chungtien (Zhongdian) plateau, Yunnan but has also been found in SW Sichuan.